《回延安》是贺敬之创作的一首诗歌，以“信天游”的形式，生动描绘了诗人回到阔别十年的延安，看到延安的巨大变化时无比兴奋和喜悦的心情。以下是该诗的全文翻译及解析：
全文翻译
Return to Yan’an
Oh heart, please don't pound so hard, Oh dust, please don't block my vision… I grasp onto the yellowish earth and won't let go, And tightly press it against my chest.
Several times I return to Yan’an in my dream, With both hands I embrace tightly Baota Mountain. Again and again I call for you, ——Mother Yan’an is right here.
I sing at Du Fu River and smile at Liulinpu. Wavering red flag is beckoning me to come. Wearing white headwear and red waistband, Relatives welcome those crossing Yan River.
All the words are choked back and can’t spit out, And fall headlong into dear one’s bosom.
Ershilipu saw me off and Liulinpu greets my return. After ten years’ departure, I’m coming home again. We’re a family like twigs, branches, and roots. Dear ones live at familiar hills and rivers.
This place is a breastfeeding mom to lambkin like me. I was brought up by a staple of millet rice. Millet is at east hill and paddy is at west hill. I shoulder a red flag and hold a book in hand.
Step by step you taught me in person. Mother sent me across the Yellow River. Road of revolution measures thousands of miles. I think of you wherever I go in this world.
There are rice, wine, oil, flatbread, charcoal, and fire. We sit in a circle on the heated kang. The kiln is jam-packed tightly with people. On the top outside, footsteps can still be heard.
Grandpa entered the door huffing and puffing. “I dreamed of speed post and indeed I see a loved one…” When dear ones see one another face-to-face, The tears of joy well up in the eyes.
“Safeguarding Yan’an takes a lot out of you, And add a few more gray hairs on your heads.” Party’s secretary brings chief along under his wings. Sheppard boys of yesteryear have fully grown up.
Austere windows have white and red paper decorations. Kids can’t wait to hold hand-in-hand with one another. Thousand words pour out while gulping wine. Spindrift is kicked up at the huge Yangtze River.
Great strides are made in ten years’ revolution. Describing these 3,600 days would be never-ending.
Ten million legs and ten million eyes Are not enough for what I’ve walked and seen! My head is burdened with mirror-like blue sky. Yan’an city is always lighting up my mind.
All its roads are broad and flat. All its buildings are wearing rainbow colors. All its lights on streets are bright and shining. Rows of green trees greet the spring breeze…
（注：此译文为意译，旨在传达原诗的情感和意境，可能无法完全对应原诗的每一个字词。）
诗歌解析
形式与结构：
- 采用陕北民歌“信天游”的形式，两行一节，节内押韵，形式活泼，节奏自由。
- 诗歌以“回延安”为主线，通过描述诗人重返延安的所见所感，表达了对革命圣地延安的深切怀念和对党和人民的无限热爱。
情感与内容：
- 回延安：诗人以激动的心情描述了自己即将回到延安的迫切感受，通过“心口呀莫要这么厉害地跳”、“灰尘呀莫把我眼睛挡住了”等句子，展现了内心的激动与急切。同时，通过“双手搂定宝塔山”等动作描写，表达了对延安的思念之情。
- 忆延安：诗人追忆了当年在延安的生活，通过“小米饭养活我长大”、“肩膀上的红旗手中的书”等句子，表达了对延安的感激与怀念。同时，通过“亲山亲水有亲人”等句子，象征了诗人与延安之间深厚的血脉联系。
- 话延安：诗人描述了亲人欢聚时的热烈场面，通过“团团围定炕上坐”、“米酒油馍木炭火”等句子，展现了延安人民朴素而温暖的生活。同时，通过“老爷爷进门气喘得紧：‘我梦见鸡毛信来——可真见亲人……’”等语言描写，表达了亲人重逢时的激动与喜悦。
- 看延安：诗人以欣喜的眼光审视着延安的新面貌，通过“一条条街道宽又平”、“一座座楼房披彩虹”等句子，描绘了延安城市建设的崭新景象。同时，通过“头顶着蓝天大明镜”等比喻，表达了对延安新气象的赞美之情。
- 颂延安：诗人以深情的笔触赞美了延安的巨大变化，通过“母亲延安换新衣”等句子，表达了对延安建设成就的感慨与赞美。同时，通过“杨家岭的红旗啊高高地飘”等句子，象征着革命的蓬勃发展、希望和领导力量的存在。
修辞手法与描写手法：
- 诗歌中运用了比兴、比喻、拟人、夸张、排比等多种修辞手法，如“宝塔山是延安的象征”、“红旗飘飘象征着革命的精神”等比喻手法，以及“千声万声呼唤你——母亲延安就在这里！”等夸张手法，增强了诗歌的表现力和感染力。
- 诗歌中还运用了动作描写、语言描写、场面描写等多种描写手法，如“双手搂定宝塔山”、“老爷爷进门气喘得紧：‘我梦见鸡毛信来——可真见亲人……’”等动作和语言描写，以及“团团围定炕上坐”、“米酒油馍木炭火”等场面描写，生动地再现了诗人回到延安后的所见所感。
综上所述，《回延安》是一首充满深情与激情的诗歌，通过生动的描写和丰富的修辞手法，展现了诗人对延安的深切怀念和对党和人民的无限热爱。
